Congenital Heart Disease Demystified

This article is an attempt to remove confusionGerman measles (also known as rubella) during the
concerning some of the issues regarding congenitalfirst trimester of her pregnancy she is more likely to
heart disease.give birth to a child with this disease.
Congenital heart disease is a kind of malformation orIf someone in the family such as a parent,
heart defect that exists somewhere in the heart. Ingrandparent or brother or sister was born with a
some cases it is a defect that can be found in onecongenital heart defect then the risk of a child in the
of the blood vessels of the heart. It is defined asfamily being born with it is even higher. For example,
congenital because the defect is present when athe risk for the general population is eight in 1000 but
baby is born. It is strongly believed that these typesit becomes 16 in 1000 for those who have a family
of heart defects take place while the fetus ismember with it.
developing but it is not clear at what stageThere is more than one type of congenital heart
throughout the nine months that it takes hold. Out ofdisease. Heart valve defects are very common and
every 1,000 children born, 8 to 10 have this condition.these are stenosis or narrowing of the heart valves
Some babies show symptoms of congenital heartor in severe cases, valves that are narrowed to the
defects from the very beginning of their lives whilepoint that they do not allow blood through at all.
other people will not show symptoms until later inLeaky valves also fall under the category of heart
their childhoods. In other cases, such a defect is notvalve defects. Atrial and ventricular septal defects
discovered until a person has become an adult. It iswhich are defects in the walls between the atria and
estimated that 500,000 American adults suffer fromventricles of the heart cause some blood which is
congenital heart disease.oxygenated and some blood which is not, to mix
Trying to discover the cause of congenital heartwhich can cause problems in both the right and left
disease is not easy. Most of the time the cause of itareas of the heart. Another type of congenital heart
is not known. Doctors and medical researchers havedisease is abnormalities in the heart muscle, which can
discovered factors that do seem to suggest anthen cause heart failure.
increased risk of developing this disease however.Congenital heart disease can cause symptoms but
One of these risk factors is a chromosomaloften times there are no symptoms at all. Sometimes
abnormality or a genetic abnormality such as Downit is necessary to undergo medical tests to determine
syndrome. Women who drink alcohol, use drugs orwhether or not a person is afflicted with this disease.
take specific types of medication during the period ofIf symptoms do show themselves the two most
their pregnancy are more likely to give birth tocommon are shortness of breath and a decreased
children with congenital heart defects. When aability for exercise.
woman contracts a maternal viral infection such as